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Severe Acne |
Severe Acne
Severe forms of acne affects few people, however, they present great hardship to the afflicted. The severe forms of acne can be extremely disfiguring, leave permanent scars and could cause psychological effects on the sufferer.
Acne conglobata
Acne conglobata is a chronic and severe form of acne vulgaris (common acne). It is usually characterized by;
deep abscesses severe inflammation severe damage to the skin scarring blackheads are usually conspicuous and widespread.
Acne conglobata usually appears on the face, chest, back, thighs, upper arms and buttocks and affects mainly 18-30 year olds.
In acne conglobata, inflammatory nodules form around multiple comedones, gradually increasing in size until they break down and discharge pus. Deep ulcers may form under the nodules, leading to keloid-type scars, and crusts may form over deeply ulcerated nodules.
Acne conglobata may be preceded by nodulocystic acne, papules or pustules that do not heal, but instead deteriorate rapidly. Occasionally, acne conglobata also flares up in acne that had been dormant for many years.
Acne fulminans
Acne fulminans is a sudden onset of highly destructive inflammation, that normally afflicts young men. Symptoms include; severe nodulocystic, often ulcerating acne aching joints fever
This kind of severe acne may result from unsuccessful treatment of acne conglobata. Acne fulminans does not respond well to antibiotics, so accutane and oral steroids are normally prescribed. In order to reduce inflammations in acne fulminans, corticosteroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDS) may be prescribed. Attacks of acne fulminans may recur, and the patient may develop acne that requires long-term treatment with isotretinoin.
Nodulocystic Acne
Nodulocystic acne is characterised by cysts, which may measure several centimeters in diameter. The cysts may occur singly or grouped and can be spread on the face, neck, back, shoulders, chest and even the scalp.
The types of cysts present in nodulocystic acne do not have the same structure of real cysyts but are nodules of inflammation.
The cysts may contain yellow thick pus like fluid that can be drained by a medical professional.
The treatment for nodulocystic acne is normally through isotretinoin and antibiotics, or intralesional corticosteroids that break down the cysts within a few days.
Gram-negative folliculitis
Gram-negative folliculitis is an inflammation of follicles caused by a bacterial infection as a result of long-term antibiotic use. This type of acne is rare and when exhibited, it is usually on the nose. In the worst scenarios, it spreads to the spread to the cheeks, chin and jaw line, where they cause new, sometimes-severe acne lesions.
Patients with this type of acne are usually treated with accutane since it is known to be effective against gram- negative bacteria. The word "Gram" refers to a blue stain used in laboratories to detect microscopic organisms. Certain bacteria do not stain blue and are called "Gram negative."
Pyoderma faciale
Pyoderma faciale is the type of acne that affects females mainly belonging to the 20-40 age groups. Pyoderma faciale is confined to the face and its symtoms include; sudden appearance as both deep and superficial cystic lesions of the face
interconnecting "tunnels" between cysts reddish inflammation of the skinslight swelling (edema) of the skin.
Treatment for this type of acne is normally through the following oral medications;
antibiotics, isotretinoin or steroids. Pyoderma faciale rarely persists more than a year or so, and is not associated with oily skin.
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